Vaccines don’t mutate, but viruses do.
Viruses are basically blobs that contain DNA or RNA. The blobs stick to cells and are taken inside the cells. There, the DNA or RNA code is copied and translated to make more virus. The copying sometimes (often) isn’t 100% correct, so the DNA or RNA changes a bit, it has mutated. If that change makes it easier for cells to make more virus, then that changed copy has an advantage. It has evolved because of that mutation.
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